Fundamentals of Islam or Articles of Islam or 5 Arkaan e Islam

There are five articles of Islam also known as Arkan-e-Islam or Fundamentals of Islam. 1. Kalima, 2. Namaz, 3. Fasting/Soum, 4. Zakat and 5. Hajj

There are five articles of Islam also known as Arkan-e-Islam or Fundamentals of Islam. 1. Kalima, 2. Namaz, 3. Fasting/Soum, 4. Zakat and 5. Hajj. Jihad is also studied as fundamental belief in Islam. In this article you will receive all types of MCQs related to Arkaan-e-Islam or Articles of Islam or Fundamentals of Islam.  

. -Arkaan e Islam: rukan plural means sutoon, Rukn: rukn means in islam that basic principles and aqaaid on which whole islam’s building been qaim. 5 Pillars of Islam.

-Five Articles/Arkan/ Fundamentals of Islam: 

1- Kalima: most imp & basic pillar of islam. “there is no God but Allah swt & Muhammad saww is Allah swt ka banda & his (last) Prophet saww). Its 1^st part says about Allah swt ki toheed & 2^nd part about Prophet Muhammad saww. Tehlil means recitation of Kalima. 1st Kalima=Tayyab, 2nd =Shahadat, 3rd =Tamjeed, 4th =Tauheed, 5th =Astaghfar, 6th =Rad-e-Kufar  

2- Namaz/ Salat: literal meaning: dua -deens actual base is to sr-tasleem-e-kham in front of Allah swt & Prophet saww, & os imarat ka satoon namaaz hai. Qiblah means anything in front. Namaz deen ka stoon hai. After kalima, the most imp hukm is of namaz & inheraaf from adaigi= Allah swt ko maabood maan-ny se inkaar k brabr hai. Namaz is badani ibadat. 5-salats got farz in Mairaaj (27^th Rajab 6, 10^th Nabvi- 1 year before migration to Madina). Praying 5 times a day in prescribed manner is salaat. Qasr Namaz: salat-al-musafir meaning shortning of namaz -78kms, Imamis & Hanafis say qasr is obligatory while other say it may be performed fully, distance is 24parasangs for Hanafis (1parasang = 5.04km), Imamis 8 parasangs, Hanblies & other schools: 16 parasangs  Solar/Moon Eclipse: Kashoof. Rain: Istisqa (both hands upward). Tahajud: abandon sleep. Total frz prayers 48 rakats. Prophet saw offered Jumma Prayer Farz in Madina. 1^st Jumma Prayer in 1 A.H. -2 rakats. Eid Namaz: Wajib 1^st eid prayer in 2 A.H. Madurak: start namaz with Imam. Musbaq: join prayer after 1 rakat. Munfarid: praying alone. Fajr & Isha: were essential in early period of Islam. Qaada: (farz) sit straight in Namaz. Jasla: short pause b/w Sajdas. Qaumaa standing straight during Ruku. Ablusion/ Wadu: 4 farz, Sunnat= 14 Ghusal: Farz=3, Sunnat: 5. Qasr: no change in Fajr, Maghrib during Qasr. Takbeer-e-Tashreeq: Eid Ul Azha. Conditions of Salaat: 7. Jumaat Prayer: 2- persons are needed for Jumaat prayer. 

3. Soum (Arabic: Quran & Hadith)/ Fasting/ Roza (urdu): literal meaning: apny aap ko rokna. -deeni istelaah: subh sadiq se le kr gharoob e aftab tk Allah swt ki khusnoodi k liye baaz umoor ki anjaam dahi & khany peeny se apny aap ko rokna. Quran naazil hua, Ramdan mai. -Pak came into being on shab of 27^th Ramdan. 2-AH, to stop/ to refrain/ to keep away from something. In islam eating, drink & sex fromd dawn to dusk. It purifies body & soul, keep believers away from sins. Al-Baqra: command of Roza. Ramzan is 9^th month of Islamic calender. Baab_ Ul- Raiyn: is door for fast observers. Reveletion of Quran completed in Ramdan. Atonement: feed 60 people or sixty continuous fasts. Ashras: Rahmat, Maghfirat, Nijaat, Taraweeh: means to rest. 1^st in jumaat by Umar. Conditions for Fasting; sanity (daanayi, baaligh) 2. Muslim & follower of Islamic laws 3. Not in danger of illness. 4. Not a traveller. Haraam Fasts: 5 days are forbidden throughout the year: Eid Ul Fitr, Azha, 11, 12, 13 Zul Haj. Badr: fought on very 1^st ramdan on 17^th roza. Month of Ramdan: syed-ul-shahoor.   

4- Zakat: -maali ibadat. 2.5%=1/40^th part. -meaning to purify, nasho-numa paana, barhna. Farz in 2AH, Jaabi is one who collects Zakat. Method, obligation & Rate in Madina. 3^rd Pillar. Zakat with Namaz in Quran 22 times. Word Zakat in Quran 32 times. Propher saww said, Zakat is treasure of Islam. Kharaj: land tax paid originally by non-muslims. Al-Gharmains: debters. Soora-e-Tauba: (:) injuction of utilization of Zakat. Cant be received by family, Parents, Spouse, Child, Grandparents. 2-Types of Zakat: 1-Maal: cleansing of Maal per income % / annum as charity. 2- Zakat Ul Fitr: during Ramdan, but before Eid Ul Fitr: food 2- Qadahs i.e. 2.5kg. Nisaab: Gold 7.5 tola, Silver: 52.5 tola, 5 camels, 40 goats, 30 cows, 30 buffaloes. Usher: 1/10^th of irrigated produce. Khums: 1/5^th of produce of mines. Masarif/ Heads of Zakat: 8- 1. Poor (faqeer). 2. Needy (Miskeen) 3. New Converts. 4. To free slaves. 5. In cause of Alllaw swt (fi-sabil-lillah) 6. Travelers (musafir). 7 Aamil (collector of Zakat) 8. To help someone pay debt. (Al Gharmain). H. Abubakr did jihad against non givers of Zakat. 

5- Hajj: to intend, 9 AH. Ordained: Al Baqra (2:). It’s a dastan of H. Ibrahim as, H. Ismail as, & H. Hajra sa. Allah swt gave a son (Ismail as) to Ibrahim as at age of 86. After some time, Allah swt ordained to leave ismail as in ghairabad & anjaan place. Both (Ibrahim & Hajra) showed sbr-o-hosla, when He got 13 an order came to zabah him which’s been followed by Ibrahim as. Performing Hajj purifies you from gunaahs like a new born baby. Prophet saww performed only one Hajj in 10AH. 3 types of Hajj -Shoot 1^st tawaf of Kaaba. Mina Mosque: Kheef. Meekaat: Hujaaj Assume state of Ihram. Kalima Tauheed: recited during Haj. Sacrifice at Mina: Jamaraat: throwing pebbles on 10, 11, 12 & 13 Zul Hajj. Maghrib + Isha: offered together at Muzdalfa on 9^th Zul Hajj. Yom-e-Arafa: Hajj day, 9^th Zul Hajj. Pilgrims: go from Arafat to Muzdalfa. 1^st Kaaba: built by Adam a.s. 2^nd Built: Ibrahim as & Ismail as rebuilt 4500yrs ago. Yom-e-Nahar: sacrifice day. 9A.H, Prophet 10A.H. 3-Farz. Hajj commanded in Al Imran. Prophet saww sacrificied 63 camels. Adam & Hawa performed 1^st hujj. Sayee 7 times running b/w safa (start pt) mrwaa (end pt). After sayee, hujaj goto Mina. After assuming ahram, Waquf is most imp step. Rukn-e-Azam: waqoof e arfa. With perfornrmane of Rami on 10^th Zil Hajj,most of binding of Hajj on the pilgrim are realesed. Jamarat: 3 upright stones. Number of Jamaraat: 3. After waquf the most imp step is Tawaf. Umrah performed whole year except 9^th to 11^th Zul Hajj. Hujaj sat at Mina for one day, 2^nd day at Arafat, 3^rd (final) day encampment is done for a night at Muzdalfa, its called Wuquf. -Imam Malik said Hajj is greatest of all worships. Underisable acts of Ihram are 6. 4 acts are permitted in Ihram. Prohibited & restrictions in Ihram are 8. 1^st & foremost Farz of Hajj & Umrah is Ihram. 1^st & inner most circle around Ka’ba is Masjid e Haram. 3^rd circle around Ka’ba is Haram. Adam 1^st built boundary & 3^rd circle around Ka’ba. 4^th circle around Ka’ba is Mowaqeet. No one can enter Mowaqeet without Ihram. 2000 yrs before Adam Ka’ba was constructed. Angels build Ka’ba firstly in Universe. During Nuh as Ka’ba disappeared due to flood. Best gate to enter Kaaba is Bab-e-salam. Hajr-e-Aswad means black stone. Actual color of Hajr-e-aswad was white. Hajr-e-Aswad ko choomna istalam/ isteslaam kehlata hai. Small piece of land b/w Rukn-e-Yamani & Rukn-e-Islam is Hateem (offering prayer in Hateem is like you’ve prayed inside.) Types of tawaf:5 Al-Multazim: Hajji goto Al-Multazim (place of holding) after completing 7 rounds. Portion of wall of Ka’ba which is b/w door & Hajr-e-Aswad is called al-Multazim. Muzdalfa is a plain, its b/w Mina & Arafat, located 6miles from Makkah. From Mina, Muzdalfa is 3 miles away. Muzdulfa in quran is sacred monument. & here Maghrib, Isha prayered together. Pebbles are collected from Muzdalfa. Jamarat which is nearest to Makkah is Jamarat Ul Uqba. Samallest Jamarat is Jamarat Ul Sughra. Rami is held at mina. Talbiah is stopped after Rami. 3-types of Hajj: Tamathu (1^st Umrah then Haj), Ifrad (Haj only), Qiran ( performing Umrah & haj together.) Dhulhulaifah is 6miles from Madina, is meeqat for people of Pakistan. Hajj Method: 1.points of entry (talbiyah), 2. perform tawaf (after performing 2 rakats) 3. perform sayee (running 7 times b/w Safa & Marwa) (Hajj Tamathu) 4. Departure to Mina (on 8^th Zul Hajj, Namaz perform at Mina Zuhar, Asar, Maghrib, Isha & Fajr) 5. Arafat Day (9^th Zul Hajj, Zuhr & Asr combine at Masjid e Kheef). Hajj khutba at Arafa Rukn-e-Azam) 6. Night at Muzdalfa (10^th Night, perform maghrib & isha together) 7. Devil Stoning at Mina (Jamarat al Aqabah) (& performed sayee in Haj ifrad, Hajj Qiran) 8. Animal Scarifice 9. Remove hair (Ihram al-Ifadja) 10. Return to Ka’ba for Tawaf 11. Return to devil stoning 12. Farewell Tawaf Umrah Method: 1. Arrive at Meeqat, do ghussal 2. Use perfume (only for men) 3. Put ihram (white cloth) & women covered except for her face & hands. 4. Say with intension ( labaik Allah-huma-Labaik) 5. Reaching Makkah & entering Masjid e Haram. 6 Tawaf (7 times, begins from black stone) 7. Pray two rakats behind maqam-e-Ibrahim as. 8. Saye 9. Shorting Hair. 

6- Jihad: literal meaning: to try, to strive hard. Istelaah: a try which’s been done to protect, promote, deen & defence of ummat-e-muslima. -it introduces jazba-e-fida kari in a human, without this neither islam ki baqa is possible nor farogh. –made obligatory in 2AH. Types of Jihad: 1- Khwahishat e Nafs k khilaf jihad: 1^st force is human’s desires 2- Shaitan k khilaf Jihad: after nafs, 2^nd enemy of human is shaitan. 3- Jihad e Bil Saif: open war againt enemies of islam. It has 2 types: 1- Mudafiaana Jihad: if non Muslim invade Muslim territory then its obligatory (farz) for Muslim to protect deen-o-emaan, jaan-o-maal, izat-o-aabroo. 2- Muslihana Jihad: the person who once speak kalima, then its must on him that he should try to apply shariat of Allah swt & Prophet saww. Diff b/w Jihad & War: Infidels fight for worldly things (war), while Muslim do jihad for to protect people & give liberty from zaalimeen.

-Huqooq ul ibad: people living in a socity with jaiz rights safely & could use their potentials for development of society so environ of society is khush-gawar known as “Husn e Muaashirat”. Rights of Parents: Rights of Olaad: Mian Biwi k bahmi Huqooq: Rights of Relatives: Rights of Teachers: Rights of Neighbours: Rights of Non Muslim: Societal Responsibilities: 1- Dayanat Dari: 2- Effai-e-Ehad: 3-Sachai 4-Adal o Insaf: 5- Ihtraam e Qanoon 6- Kasb e Halal: 7- Esaar: Akhlaqi Razail: 1- Jhoot: not only bad thing but also basis for other akhlaqi burai’s 2- Gheebat: is like eating meat of dead brother. Diff b/w gheebat & ithaam: gheebat is saying something which is present in someone, tohmat (ithaam) wo aib jo bayan kia jaaye mgr os mai mojood na ho. 3- Munafiqat: 2-types: 1- Aiteqadi Munafiq: not Muslim from heart but Muslim for shr (worst from infidals). Mosque Zarar was destroyed bcz of Munafiqeens there. 2-Amali Munafiq: actually Muslim from heart but bashri kmzorio ki wjah se Kotahi krta hai. 4- Takabur: khud ko bara, br-tr smjhna aur zahir krna. If zara brabr then cant enter in Jannah (hadith) 5- Hasd: burns naiki like fire khushk woods.

-Uswa e Rasool saww: 1- Rahmata lil aalimeen: hm ne apko tmaam jahano k liye rehmat bna kr bheja hai. (Anbia: 107). 2- Umat Pr Shafqat o Rahmat: tmhary paas Allah swt ka ek rasool saww aaya hai, jo tmhi mai se hai, tmhari takleef us pr giraan guzarti hai, tmhari bhalai k khawahish mnd rehty hain, ahl-e-emaan k saath bary hi shafeeq aur mehrbaan hain. (Tauba:8) 3- Kafiro pe rahmat: aur Allah swt in pr azaab nazil nhi krega, jb tk Prophet saww in mai mojood hain (Anfal: 33). 4- Aurto k liye Rahmat: hadith: janat maa’o k qadmo k taly hain. -tm mai se behtr wo hai, jo apny ghr waalon kay saath acha hai. 5- Bacho k liye Rahmat: hadith: jo rahm nhi krta, us pr rahm nhi kia jata”. 6- Yateemo aur Ghulamo k liye Rahmat: hadith: mai aur yateem ki negehdasht krny waala janat mai yoon hongy (aur dono unglia mila li). -tmhary Ghulam tmhary bhai hain, jnko Allah swt ne tmhara ma-tehat bnaya hai, tm jo khud khao, wohi unhai bhi khilao, jo khud pehno waisa hi unhai pehnao, aur unki taqat se zyada un pr kaam ka bojh na daalo. 7- Akhuwat: 8- Musawaat: 9- Sabr O Isteqlaal: 10- Afu-o-dr Guzr: 11- Zikr: literal meaning: ksi ko yaad krna, istilaah: Allah swt ko yaad krna. Behtreen zikr is “la illaha illa-llah”, -also: namaz k baad 33 times Alhamdollilah & Subhanallah, 34 times Allah swt Akbar.